An Example Of Planning Corporate Management - Strategic Management is the process of adaptation to a changing environment with Organizations to adapt and ensure that the implementation of the strategy went well and smoothly.
In the context of organizational planning (Planning) can be defined as the process of setting goals and objectives, determine the choices of action that will be performed and studied the best ways to achieve a goal.
Planning consists of two elements, namely:
1. Formal Planning is the process of using a rigid investigation to reach the goal, decided the activity and formyl documenting organizational expectations.
2. No Formal Planning process is intuitively decided the goals and activities that are needed to accomplish a goal without a rigid and systematic investigation.
A. Aspect – aspects of planning
1. Hierarchy of Objectives (Objectives)
In every organization there are level-level of the public, each level has a target that reflects the management responsibilities at each level.
Goals/Strategic (Strategic Objectives) performance target is associated with long-term efforts such as growth, ability and position a company in bankruptcy
a. Target tactical (Tactical Objectives) is a medium-term performance target to achieve limited results such as quarterly earnings, annual sales and incremental changes in products and services.
b. Operational Targets (Operational Objectives) is a short-term performance target immediately to the activity of daily, weekly, monthly and when achieved will strengthen target tactical planning.
2. The Planning Hierarchy.
a. purpose and mission (Purpose and Mission) Time planning throughout the age of the Organization, has no time restrictions.
b. Strategic Plan (Strategic Plans) time planning the goal expressed in average and the long-term trend.
c. Tactical Plan (Tactical Plans)
Target one year with fixed and performance targets can be measured as well as the use of budget performance.
d. Operational Plan (Operational Plans)
Short term targets and time limits that are appropriate to meet the needs.
3. Management based on Objectives (MBO = Management By Objectives)
A technique to involve employees at all levels together in defining objectives and control results. Managers are divided into levels-level planning and responsibility to provide the nexus between the strata to improve coordination.
MBO targets is a positive management approach and integrated with the company's profit increased reach, either long term or short term through the efforts of competent and group management has a clear purpose.
B. Process management based on the goal:
1. Define the Target, namely a shared decision-making process employees are encouraged to take an important role in suggesting ideas.
2. Specifies the Tindakanya Plan is a realistic action plan approved by the Manager and leadership team and is written carefully to review periodically.
3. Concept performance of motorization is a process by the Manager on a regular basis to an Ottoman for reviewing progress towards the target. The study was performed at least once a year.
4. Corrections and Corrective Actions are Adaptations taken after a review of performance.
C. Benefits program MBO (management by objectives):
1. Enable individuals to know something is expected of the organization or company.
2. Assist in planning by making manager set goals.
3. Improve communication between manager and his subordinates.
4. a reasonable separation Process with the focus on achievement.
D. the process of adaptation in a changing environment:
1. Surveillance against the external and Internal environment in all aspects of the company concerned.
2. identification of environmental opportunities to be exploited and avoid dangers.
3. Analysis of the strengths and weaknesses that are important in the discovery and assessment strategies.
4. The identification of strategies to achieve the goals of the company.
5. Hold managerial processes needed to assure that all the strategies that are being implemented appropriately.
E. the process of drafting the planning
1. Formulate the mission and goals.
A systematic effort to outline the main formal manifestation of the company's objectives, targets, policies and strategies to achieve policy goals and the realization of the main company concerned.
2. Understanding the current state.
Planning concerning the future range of decisions that are made now, systematically to identify opportunities and threats in the future. With the selection of the proper steps will be more favourable to the company. Includes short-term and long-term.
3. Consider factor endowments and a barrier to the achievement of business objectives.
All the convenience and possible obstacles in achieving the objectives need to be identified as early as possible so that preparations can be made. At one party companies can achieve optimum benefits with ease and opportunities available.
4. Draw up a plan of activities to achieve the goals.
The goal can be achieved in several ways, such as:
a. Compose a variety of alternative wisdom and actions that may be selected.
b. Assess and compare the profit loss any alternative policy activities.
c. Select and establish an alternative to the most suitable and good among other alternatives.
Strategic Planning (Strategic Planning/Corporate Planning) is the most important part of the strategic management and can be considered as a central pillar of strategic management.
F. strategic planning weaknesses:
1. Strategic Planning does not guarantee the company would produce the most appropriate strategy because the strategy is determined by human beings.
2. State of the environment is changing constantly.
3. Internal resistance or Resistance (prejudices employees) of the old employees usually are familiar with the system.
4. Expensive costs.
5. The preparation of Strategic Planning was difficult because it requires a high level of Imagination, analysis capabilities, creativity and tenacity.
6. Strategic Planning limits the options/alternatives, reducing initiatives in a range of alternatives that are outside its scope.
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